A couple of things to check here:
First, make sure your MAME build actually includes BGFX support (some builds or older versions don’t fully expose all chains properly). Also double-check that the bgfx_path is pointing to the correct folder structure and that the shader files exist there.
Another common issue is the backend—try switching bgfx_backend from Vulkan to Direct3D or OpenGL just to test if Vulkan is the problem on your setup.
Lastly, verify the crt-geom-deluxe chain is actually available in your bgfx/chains directory. If MAME can’t find it, it silently falls back, which can look like “nothing is working”.
If everything looks correct, testing with a default chain like default can help isolate whether it’s a config issue or missing shader files.