Yes. MAME works differently to all other emulators, the roms themselves actually change over time when better dumps are made, or when improvements are made to the emulator. Files can be added/removed/altered and renamed inside the game.zip.
This is why the romsets and the emulator are versioned. If you had say a 0.210 romset then the 0.210 version of the emulator the games will be guaranteed to be compatible. If you are using say a 0.180 romset with a 0.210 MAME emulator then a lot of games will still work just fine, but any game that has had files altered since 0.180 will not work in 0.210, period.
MAME emulator and romsets are updated every single month, so if a game.zip changes one month it will no longer work in previous versions of MAME, only the current one and ones moving forward, until the file changes again.